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Codice sorgente completo e guida all’installazione

Configurazione Rapida

1. Requisiti

2. Installa le Dipendenze

npm install -g netlify-cli
netlify login
git clone https://github.com/dodopayments/cloud-functions.git
cd cloud-functions/netlify
npm install

3. Configurazione del Database

  1. Registrati su Neon
  2. Crea un nuovo progetto
  3. Apri l’Editor SQL
  4. Copia e incolla il contenuto di schema.sql
  5. Esegui la query
  6. Ottieni la tua stringa di connessione da Neon → Dettagli di Connessione

4. Imposta le Variabili Ambientali Iniziali

netlify env:set DATABASE_URL "your-neon-connection-string"
netlify env:set DODO_PAYMENTS_API_KEY "your-api-key"
Nota: Imposteremo DODO_PAYMENTS_WEBHOOK_KEY dopo il deployment, una volta che avrai il tuo URL del webhook.

5. Inizializza e Distribuisci

netlify init       # Link to your site (first time only)
npm run deploy

6. Ottieni il Tuo URL del Webhook

Il tuo URL del webhook è:
https://[your-project].netlify.app/.netlify/functions/webhook

7. Registra il Webhook nel Dashboard di DodoPayments

  1. Vai al Dashboard di DodoPayments → Sviluppatore → Webhook
  2. Crea un nuovo endpoint webhook
  3. Configura il tuo URL del webhook come endpoint
  4. Abilita questi eventi di sottoscrizione:
    • subscription.active
    • subscription.cancelled
    • subscription.renewed
  5. Copia il Segreto di Firma

8. Imposta la Chiave del Webhook e Ridistribuisci

netlify env:set DODO_PAYMENTS_WEBHOOK_KEY "your-webhook-signing-key"
npm run deploy

Cosa Fa

Elabora eventi di sottoscrizione e li memorizza in PostgreSQL:
  • subscription.active - Crea/aggiorna record di clienti e sottoscrizioni
  • subscription.cancelled - Segna la sottoscrizione come annullata
  • subscription.renewed - Aggiorna la data di fatturazione successiva

Caratteristiche Principali

Verifica della firma - Utilizzando la libreria dodopayments
Idempotenza - Previene l’elaborazione duplicata con ID webhook
Registrazione degli eventi - Audit trail completo nella tabella webhook_events
Gestione degli errori - Registrato e ripetibile
Nota: Questa implementazione dimostra la gestione di tre eventi di sottoscrizione principali (subscription.active, subscription.cancelled, subscription.renewed) con campi minimi. Puoi facilmente estenderla per supportare tipi di eventi e campi aggiuntivi in base alle tue esigenze.

File di Configurazione

{
  "name": "dodo-webhook-netlify",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "type": "module",
  "description": "DodoPayments Webhook Handler for Netlify",
  "scripts": {
    "dev": "netlify dev",
    "deploy": "netlify deploy --prod"
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "@neondatabase/serverless": "^1.0.2",
    "dodopayments": "^2.4.1"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@netlify/functions": "^5.0.0",
    "netlify-cli": "^23.9.1",
    "typescript": "^5.9.3"
  }
}

Schema del Database

-- DodoPayments Webhook Database Schema
-- Compatible with PostgreSQL (Supabase, Neon, etc.)

-- Enable UUID extension (if not already enabled)
CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS "uuid-ossp";

-- Customers table
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS customers (
  id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT uuid_generate_v4(),
  email TEXT NOT NULL,
  name TEXT NOT NULL,
  dodo_customer_id TEXT UNIQUE NOT NULL,
  created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NOW(),
  updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NOW()
);

-- Subscriptions table
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS subscriptions (
  id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT uuid_generate_v4(),
  customer_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES customers(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
  dodo_subscription_id TEXT UNIQUE NOT NULL,
  product_id TEXT NOT NULL,
  status TEXT NOT NULL CHECK (status IN ('pending', 'active', 'on_hold', 'cancelled', 'failed', 'expired')),
  billing_interval TEXT NOT NULL CHECK (billing_interval IN ('day', 'week', 'month', 'year')),
  amount INTEGER NOT NULL,
  currency TEXT NOT NULL,
  next_billing_date TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE NOT NULL,
  cancelled_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE,
  created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE NOT NULL,
  updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NOW()
);

-- Webhook events log
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS webhook_events (
  id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT uuid_generate_v4(),
  webhook_id TEXT UNIQUE,
  event_type TEXT NOT NULL,
  data JSONB NOT NULL,
  processed BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
  error_message TEXT,
  created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NOW(),
  processed_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE,
  attempts INTEGER DEFAULT 0
);

-- Indexes for better query performance
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_customers_email ON customers(email);
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_customers_dodo_id ON customers(dodo_customer_id);
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_subscriptions_dodo_id ON subscriptions(dodo_subscription_id);
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_subscriptions_customer_id ON subscriptions(customer_id);
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_subscriptions_status ON subscriptions(status);
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_webhook_events_processed ON webhook_events(processed, created_at);
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_webhook_events_type ON webhook_events(event_type);
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_webhook_events_created_at ON webhook_events(created_at DESC);
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_webhook_events_webhook_id ON webhook_events(webhook_id);

-- Function to automatically update updated_at timestamp
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION update_updated_at_column()
RETURNS TRIGGER AS $$
BEGIN
  NEW.updated_at = NOW();
  RETURN NEW;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;

-- Triggers to automatically update updated_at
CREATE TRIGGER update_customers_updated_at
  BEFORE UPDATE ON customers
  FOR EACH ROW
  EXECUTE FUNCTION update_updated_at_column();

CREATE TRIGGER update_subscriptions_updated_at
  BEFORE UPDATE ON subscriptions
  FOR EACH ROW
  EXECUTE FUNCTION update_updated_at_column();

-- Comments for documentation
COMMENT ON TABLE customers IS 'Stores customer information from DodoPayments';
COMMENT ON TABLE subscriptions IS 'Stores subscription data from DodoPayments';
COMMENT ON TABLE webhook_events IS 'Logs all incoming webhook events for audit and retry purposes';

COMMENT ON COLUMN customers.dodo_customer_id IS 'Unique customer ID from DodoPayments';
COMMENT ON COLUMN subscriptions.dodo_subscription_id IS 'Unique subscription ID from DodoPayments';
COMMENT ON COLUMN subscriptions.amount IS 'Amount in smallest currency unit (e.g., cents)';
COMMENT ON COLUMN subscriptions.currency IS 'Currency used for the subscription payments (e.g., USD, EUR, INR)';
COMMENT ON COLUMN webhook_events.attempts IS 'Number of processing attempts for failed webhooks';
COMMENT ON COLUMN webhook_events.data IS 'Full webhook payload as JSON';
Tabelle create:
  • customers - Email, nome, dodo_customer_id
  • subscriptions - Stato, importo, next_billing_date, collegato ai clienti
  • webhook_events - Registro eventi con webhook_id per idempotenza

Codice di Implementazione

import { Handler, HandlerEvent, HandlerContext } from '@netlify/functions';
import { neon, NeonQueryFunction } from '@neondatabase/serverless';
import { DodoPayments } from 'dodopayments';

interface WebhookPayload {
  business_id: string;
  type: string;
  timestamp: string;
  data: {
    payload_type: "Payment" | "Subscription" | "Refund" | "Dispute" | "LicenseKey";
    subscription_id: string;
    customer: {
      customer_id: string;
      email: string;
      name: string;
    };
    product_id: string;
    status: string;
    recurring_pre_tax_amount: number;
    payment_frequency_interval: string;
    created_at: string;
    next_billing_date: string;
    cancelled_at?: string | null;
    currency: string;
  };
}

const corsHeaders = {
  'Access-Control-Allow-Origin': '*',
  'Access-Control-Allow-Headers': 'authorization, x-client-info, apikey, content-type, webhook-id, webhook-signature, webhook-timestamp',
  'Access-Control-Allow-Methods': 'POST, OPTIONS',
};

async function handleSubscriptionEvent(sql: NeonQueryFunction<false, false>, payload: WebhookPayload, status: string) {
  if (!payload.data.customer.customer_id || !payload.data.subscription_id) {
    throw new Error('Missing required fields: customer_id or subscription_id');
  }

  console.log('🔄 Processing subscription event:', JSON.stringify(payload, null, 2));

  const customer = payload.data.customer;

  // Upsert customer (create if doesn't exist, otherwise use existing)
  const customerResult = await sql`
    INSERT INTO customers (email, name, dodo_customer_id, created_at)
    VALUES (${customer.email}, ${customer.name}, ${customer.customer_id}, ${new Date().toISOString()})
    ON CONFLICT (dodo_customer_id) 
    DO UPDATE SET 
      email = EXCLUDED.email,
      name = EXCLUDED.name,
      updated_at = ${new Date().toISOString()}
    RETURNING id
  `;

  const customerId = customerResult[0].id;
  console.log(`✅ Customer upserted with ID: ${customerId}`);

  // Upsert subscription
  await sql`
    INSERT INTO subscriptions (
      customer_id, dodo_subscription_id, product_id, status, 
      billing_interval, amount, currency, created_at, next_billing_date, cancelled_at, updated_at
    )
    VALUES (
      ${customerId}, ${payload.data.subscription_id},
      ${payload.data.product_id}, ${status},
      ${payload.data.payment_frequency_interval.toLowerCase()}, ${payload.data.recurring_pre_tax_amount},
      ${payload.data.currency}, ${payload.data.created_at}, ${payload.data.next_billing_date},
      ${payload.data.cancelled_at ?? null}, ${new Date().toISOString()}
    )
    ON CONFLICT (dodo_subscription_id) 
    DO UPDATE SET 
      customer_id = EXCLUDED.customer_id,
      product_id = EXCLUDED.product_id,
      status = EXCLUDED.status,
      billing_interval = EXCLUDED.billing_interval,
      amount = EXCLUDED.amount,
      currency = EXCLUDED.currency,
      created_at = EXCLUDED.created_at,
      next_billing_date = EXCLUDED.next_billing_date,
      cancelled_at = EXCLUDED.cancelled_at,
      updated_at = EXCLUDED.updated_at
  `;

  console.log(`✅ Subscription upserted with ${status} status`)
}

export const handler: Handler = async (event: HandlerEvent, context: HandlerContext) => {
  // Handle CORS preflight
  if (event.httpMethod === 'OPTIONS') {
    return {
      statusCode: 200,
      headers: corsHeaders,
      body: 'ok'
    };
  }

  if (event.httpMethod !== 'POST') {
    return {
      statusCode: 405,
      headers: { ...corsHeaders, 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
      body: JSON.stringify({ error: 'Method not allowed' })
    };
  }

  try {
    const rawBody = event.body || '';
    console.log('📨 Webhook received');

    const DATABASE_URL = process.env.DATABASE_URL;
    const API_KEY = process.env.DODO_PAYMENTS_API_KEY;
    const WEBHOOK_KEY = process.env.DODO_PAYMENTS_WEBHOOK_KEY;

    if (!DATABASE_URL) {
      console.error('❌ Missing DATABASE_URL environment variable');
      return {
        statusCode: 500,
        headers: { ...corsHeaders, 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
        body: JSON.stringify({ error: 'Server configuration error' })
      };
    }

    // Verify required environment variables
    if (!API_KEY) {
      console.error('❌ DODO_PAYMENTS_API_KEY is not configured');
      return {
        statusCode: 500,
        headers: { ...corsHeaders, 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
        body: JSON.stringify({ error: 'API key not configured' })
      };
    }

    if (!WEBHOOK_KEY) {
      console.error('❌ DODO_PAYMENTS_WEBHOOK_KEY is not configured');
      return {
        statusCode: 500,
        headers: { ...corsHeaders, 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
        body: JSON.stringify({ error: 'Webhook verification key not configured' })
      };
    }

    // Verify webhook signature (required for security)
    const webhookHeaders = {
      'webhook-id': event.headers['webhook-id'] || '',
      'webhook-signature': event.headers['webhook-signature'] || '',
      'webhook-timestamp': event.headers['webhook-timestamp'] || '',
    };

    try {
      const dodoPaymentsClient = new DodoPayments({
        bearerToken: API_KEY,
        webhookKey: WEBHOOK_KEY,
      });
      const unwrappedWebhook = dodoPaymentsClient.webhooks.unwrap(rawBody, { headers: webhookHeaders });
      console.log('Unwrapped webhook:', unwrappedWebhook);
      console.log('✅ Webhook signature verified');
    } catch (error) {
      console.error('❌ Webhook verification failed:', error);
      return {
        statusCode: 401,
        headers: { ...corsHeaders, 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
        body: JSON.stringify({ error: 'Webhook verification failed' })
      };
    }

    // Initialize Neon client
    const sql = neon(DATABASE_URL);

    const payload: WebhookPayload = JSON.parse(rawBody);
    const eventType = payload.type;
    const eventData = payload.data;
    const webhookId = event.headers['webhook-id'] || '';

    console.log(`📋 Webhook payload:`, JSON.stringify(payload, null, 2));

    // Check for duplicate webhook-id (idempotency)
    if (webhookId) {
      const existingEvent = await sql`
        SELECT id FROM webhook_events WHERE webhook_id = ${webhookId}
      `;

      if (existingEvent.length > 0) {
        console.log(`⚠️ Webhook ${webhookId} already processed, skipping (idempotency)`);
        return {
          statusCode: 200,
          headers: { ...corsHeaders, 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
          body: JSON.stringify({ success: true, message: 'Webhook already processed' })
        };
      }
    }

    // Log webhook event with webhook_id for idempotency
    const logResult = await sql`
      INSERT INTO webhook_events (webhook_id, event_type, data, processed, created_at)
      VALUES (${webhookId || null}, ${eventType}, ${JSON.stringify(eventData)}, ${false}, ${new Date().toISOString()})
      RETURNING id
    `;

    const loggedEventId = logResult[0].id;
    console.log('📝 Webhook event logged with ID:', loggedEventId);

    console.log(`🔄 Processing: ${eventType} (${eventData.payload_type || 'unknown payload type'})`);

    try {
      switch (eventType) {
        case 'subscription.active':
          await handleSubscriptionEvent(sql, payload, 'active');
          break;
        case 'subscription.cancelled':
          await handleSubscriptionEvent(sql, payload, 'cancelled');
          break;
        case 'subscription.renewed':
          console.log('🔄 Subscription renewed - keeping active status and updating billing date');
          await handleSubscriptionEvent(sql, payload, 'active');
          break;
        default:
          console.log(`ℹ️ Event ${eventType} logged but not processed (no handler available)`);
      }

      await sql`
        UPDATE webhook_events 
        SET processed = ${true}, processed_at = ${new Date().toISOString()}
        WHERE id = ${loggedEventId}
      `;

      console.log('✅ Webhook marked as processed');
    } catch (processingError) {
      console.error('❌ Error processing webhook event:', processingError);

      await sql`
        UPDATE webhook_events 
        SET processed = ${false}, 
            error_message = ${processingError instanceof Error ? processingError.message : 'Unknown error'},
            processed_at = ${new Date().toISOString()}
        WHERE id = ${loggedEventId}
      `;

      throw processingError;
    }

    console.log('✅ Webhook processed successfully');

    return {
      statusCode: 200,
      headers: { ...corsHeaders, 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
      body: JSON.stringify({
        success: true,
        event_type: eventType,
        event_id: loggedEventId
      })
    };

  } catch (error) {
    console.error('❌ Webhook processing failed:', error);
    return {
      statusCode: 500,
      headers: { ...corsHeaders, 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
      body: JSON.stringify({
        error: 'Webhook processing failed',
        details: error instanceof Error ? error.message : 'Unknown error'
      })
    };
  }
};

Come Funziona

Il gestore del webhook:
  1. Verifica la firma - Assicura che la richiesta provenga da DodoPayments utilizzando HMAC-SHA256
  2. Controlla i duplicati - Utilizza l’ID del webhook per prevenire l’elaborazione dello stesso evento due volte
  3. Registra l’evento - Memorizza il webhook grezzo nella tabella webhook_events per audit trail
  4. Elabora l’evento - Crea o aggiorna clienti e sottoscrizioni in Neon
  5. Gestisce gli errori - Registra i fallimenti e segna l’evento come non elaborato per il retry

Test

Sviluppo locale:
npm run dev  # Available at http://localhost:8888/.netlify/functions/webhook
Visualizza i log nel Dashboard di Netlify:
  1. Seleziona il tuo sito → scheda Funzioni
  2. Clicca sulla funzione webhook
  3. Visualizza i log in tempo reale e la cronologia delle invocazioni
Configura nel Dashboard di DodoPayments:
  1. Vai a Sviluppatori → Webhook
  2. Aggiungi endpoint con il tuo URL delle Funzioni Netlify
  3. Abilita: subscription.active, subscription.cancelled, subscription.renewed

Problemi Comuni

ProblemaSoluzione
Verifica fallitaControlla che la chiave del webhook sia corretta dal dashboard di DodoPayments
Errore di connessione al databaseVerifica la stringa di connessione di Neon e utilizza la connessione in pool
Funzione non trovata (404)Esegui di nuovo netlify init e npm run deploy
Variabili ambientali non disponibiliImposta le variabili nella CLI o nel dashboard, quindi ridistribuisci

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