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Kode sumber lengkap dan panduan pengaturan

Pengaturan Cepat

1. Prasyarat

2. Instal Ketergantungan

npm install -g netlify-cli
netlify login
git clone https://github.com/dodopayments/cloud-functions.git
cd cloud-functions/netlify
npm install

3. Pengaturan Database

  1. Daftar untuk Neon
  2. Buat proyek baru
  3. Buka SQL Editor
  4. Salin dan tempel konten dari schema.sql
  5. Jalankan kueri
  6. Dapatkan string koneksi Anda dari Neon → Detail Koneksi

4. Atur Variabel Lingkungan Awal

netlify env:set DATABASE_URL "your-neon-connection-string"
netlify env:set DODO_PAYMENTS_API_KEY "your-api-key"
Catatan: Kami akan mengatur DODO_PAYMENTS_WEBHOOK_KEY setelah penerapan setelah Anda memiliki URL webhook Anda.

5. Inisialisasi & Terapkan

netlify init       # Link to your site (first time only)
npm run deploy

6. Dapatkan URL Webhook Anda

URL webhook Anda adalah:
https://[your-project].netlify.app/.netlify/functions/webhook

7. Daftarkan Webhook di Dasbor DodoPayments

  1. Pergi ke Dasbor DodoPayments → Pengembang → Webhooks
  2. Buat endpoint webhook baru
  3. Konfigurasikan URL webhook Anda sebagai endpoint
  4. Aktifkan acara langganan ini:
    • subscription.active
    • subscription.cancelled
    • subscription.renewed
  5. Salin Rahasia Tanda Tangan

8. Atur Kunci Webhook & Terapkan Kembali

netlify env:set DODO_PAYMENTS_WEBHOOK_KEY "your-webhook-signing-key"
npm run deploy

Apa yang Dilakukan

Memproses acara langganan dan menyimpannya di PostgreSQL:
  • subscription.active - Membuat/memperbarui catatan pelanggan dan langganan
  • subscription.cancelled - Menandai langganan sebagai dibatalkan
  • subscription.renewed - Memperbarui tanggal penagihan berikutnya

Fitur Utama

Verifikasi tanda tangan - Menggunakan pustaka dodopayments
Idempotensi - Mencegah pemrosesan duplikat dengan ID webhook
Pencatatan acara - Jejak audit lengkap di tabel webhook_events
Penanganan kesalahan - Dicatat dan dapat dicoba kembali
Catatan: Implementasi ini menunjukkan penanganan tiga acara langganan inti (subscription.active, subscription.cancelled, subscription.renewed) dengan bidang minimal. Anda dapat dengan mudah memperluasnya untuk mendukung jenis acara dan bidang tambahan berdasarkan kebutuhan Anda.

Berkas Konfigurasi

{
  "name": "dodo-webhook-netlify",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "type": "module",
  "description": "DodoPayments Webhook Handler for Netlify",
  "scripts": {
    "dev": "netlify dev",
    "deploy": "netlify deploy --prod"
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "@neondatabase/serverless": "^1.0.2",
    "dodopayments": "^2.4.1"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@netlify/functions": "^5.0.0",
    "netlify-cli": "^23.9.1",
    "typescript": "^5.9.3"
  }
}

Skema Database

-- DodoPayments Webhook Database Schema
-- Compatible with PostgreSQL (Supabase, Neon, etc.)

-- Enable UUID extension (if not already enabled)
CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS "uuid-ossp";

-- Customers table
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS customers (
  id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT uuid_generate_v4(),
  email TEXT NOT NULL,
  name TEXT NOT NULL,
  dodo_customer_id TEXT UNIQUE NOT NULL,
  created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NOW(),
  updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NOW()
);

-- Subscriptions table
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS subscriptions (
  id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT uuid_generate_v4(),
  customer_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES customers(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
  dodo_subscription_id TEXT UNIQUE NOT NULL,
  product_id TEXT NOT NULL,
  status TEXT NOT NULL CHECK (status IN ('pending', 'active', 'on_hold', 'cancelled', 'failed', 'expired')),
  billing_interval TEXT NOT NULL CHECK (billing_interval IN ('day', 'week', 'month', 'year')),
  amount INTEGER NOT NULL,
  currency TEXT NOT NULL,
  next_billing_date TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE NOT NULL,
  cancelled_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE,
  created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE NOT NULL,
  updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NOW()
);

-- Webhook events log
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS webhook_events (
  id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT uuid_generate_v4(),
  webhook_id TEXT UNIQUE,
  event_type TEXT NOT NULL,
  data JSONB NOT NULL,
  processed BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
  error_message TEXT,
  created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NOW(),
  processed_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE,
  attempts INTEGER DEFAULT 0
);

-- Indexes for better query performance
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_customers_email ON customers(email);
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_customers_dodo_id ON customers(dodo_customer_id);
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_subscriptions_dodo_id ON subscriptions(dodo_subscription_id);
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_subscriptions_customer_id ON subscriptions(customer_id);
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_subscriptions_status ON subscriptions(status);
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_webhook_events_processed ON webhook_events(processed, created_at);
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_webhook_events_type ON webhook_events(event_type);
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_webhook_events_created_at ON webhook_events(created_at DESC);
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_webhook_events_webhook_id ON webhook_events(webhook_id);

-- Function to automatically update updated_at timestamp
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION update_updated_at_column()
RETURNS TRIGGER AS $$
BEGIN
  NEW.updated_at = NOW();
  RETURN NEW;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;

-- Triggers to automatically update updated_at
CREATE TRIGGER update_customers_updated_at
  BEFORE UPDATE ON customers
  FOR EACH ROW
  EXECUTE FUNCTION update_updated_at_column();

CREATE TRIGGER update_subscriptions_updated_at
  BEFORE UPDATE ON subscriptions
  FOR EACH ROW
  EXECUTE FUNCTION update_updated_at_column();

-- Comments for documentation
COMMENT ON TABLE customers IS 'Stores customer information from DodoPayments';
COMMENT ON TABLE subscriptions IS 'Stores subscription data from DodoPayments';
COMMENT ON TABLE webhook_events IS 'Logs all incoming webhook events for audit and retry purposes';

COMMENT ON COLUMN customers.dodo_customer_id IS 'Unique customer ID from DodoPayments';
COMMENT ON COLUMN subscriptions.dodo_subscription_id IS 'Unique subscription ID from DodoPayments';
COMMENT ON COLUMN subscriptions.amount IS 'Amount in smallest currency unit (e.g., cents)';
COMMENT ON COLUMN subscriptions.currency IS 'Currency used for the subscription payments (e.g., USD, EUR, INR)';
COMMENT ON COLUMN webhook_events.attempts IS 'Number of processing attempts for failed webhooks';
COMMENT ON COLUMN webhook_events.data IS 'Full webhook payload as JSON';
Tabel yang dibuat:
  • customers - Email, nama, dodo_customer_id
  • subscriptions - Status, jumlah, next_billing_date, terhubung ke pelanggan
  • webhook_events - Log acara dengan webhook_id untuk idempotensi

Kode Implementasi

import { Handler, HandlerEvent, HandlerContext } from '@netlify/functions';
import { neon, NeonQueryFunction } from '@neondatabase/serverless';
import { DodoPayments } from 'dodopayments';

interface WebhookPayload {
  business_id: string;
  type: string;
  timestamp: string;
  data: {
    payload_type: "Payment" | "Subscription" | "Refund" | "Dispute" | "LicenseKey";
    subscription_id: string;
    customer: {
      customer_id: string;
      email: string;
      name: string;
    };
    product_id: string;
    status: string;
    recurring_pre_tax_amount: number;
    payment_frequency_interval: string;
    created_at: string;
    next_billing_date: string;
    cancelled_at?: string | null;
    currency: string;
  };
}

const corsHeaders = {
  'Access-Control-Allow-Origin': '*',
  'Access-Control-Allow-Headers': 'authorization, x-client-info, apikey, content-type, webhook-id, webhook-signature, webhook-timestamp',
  'Access-Control-Allow-Methods': 'POST, OPTIONS',
};

async function handleSubscriptionEvent(sql: NeonQueryFunction<false, false>, payload: WebhookPayload, status: string) {
  if (!payload.data.customer.customer_id || !payload.data.subscription_id) {
    throw new Error('Missing required fields: customer_id or subscription_id');
  }

  console.log('🔄 Processing subscription event:', JSON.stringify(payload, null, 2));

  const customer = payload.data.customer;

  // Upsert customer (create if doesn't exist, otherwise use existing)
  const customerResult = await sql`
    INSERT INTO customers (email, name, dodo_customer_id, created_at)
    VALUES (${customer.email}, ${customer.name}, ${customer.customer_id}, ${new Date().toISOString()})
    ON CONFLICT (dodo_customer_id) 
    DO UPDATE SET 
      email = EXCLUDED.email,
      name = EXCLUDED.name,
      updated_at = ${new Date().toISOString()}
    RETURNING id
  `;

  const customerId = customerResult[0].id;
  console.log(`✅ Customer upserted with ID: ${customerId}`);

  // Upsert subscription
  await sql`
    INSERT INTO subscriptions (
      customer_id, dodo_subscription_id, product_id, status, 
      billing_interval, amount, currency, created_at, next_billing_date, cancelled_at, updated_at
    )
    VALUES (
      ${customerId}, ${payload.data.subscription_id},
      ${payload.data.product_id}, ${status},
      ${payload.data.payment_frequency_interval.toLowerCase()}, ${payload.data.recurring_pre_tax_amount},
      ${payload.data.currency}, ${payload.data.created_at}, ${payload.data.next_billing_date},
      ${payload.data.cancelled_at ?? null}, ${new Date().toISOString()}
    )
    ON CONFLICT (dodo_subscription_id) 
    DO UPDATE SET 
      customer_id = EXCLUDED.customer_id,
      product_id = EXCLUDED.product_id,
      status = EXCLUDED.status,
      billing_interval = EXCLUDED.billing_interval,
      amount = EXCLUDED.amount,
      currency = EXCLUDED.currency,
      created_at = EXCLUDED.created_at,
      next_billing_date = EXCLUDED.next_billing_date,
      cancelled_at = EXCLUDED.cancelled_at,
      updated_at = EXCLUDED.updated_at
  `;

  console.log(`✅ Subscription upserted with ${status} status`)
}

export const handler: Handler = async (event: HandlerEvent, context: HandlerContext) => {
  // Handle CORS preflight
  if (event.httpMethod === 'OPTIONS') {
    return {
      statusCode: 200,
      headers: corsHeaders,
      body: 'ok'
    };
  }

  if (event.httpMethod !== 'POST') {
    return {
      statusCode: 405,
      headers: { ...corsHeaders, 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
      body: JSON.stringify({ error: 'Method not allowed' })
    };
  }

  try {
    const rawBody = event.body || '';
    console.log('📨 Webhook received');

    const DATABASE_URL = process.env.DATABASE_URL;
    const API_KEY = process.env.DODO_PAYMENTS_API_KEY;
    const WEBHOOK_KEY = process.env.DODO_PAYMENTS_WEBHOOK_KEY;

    if (!DATABASE_URL) {
      console.error('❌ Missing DATABASE_URL environment variable');
      return {
        statusCode: 500,
        headers: { ...corsHeaders, 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
        body: JSON.stringify({ error: 'Server configuration error' })
      };
    }

    // Verify required environment variables
    if (!API_KEY) {
      console.error('❌ DODO_PAYMENTS_API_KEY is not configured');
      return {
        statusCode: 500,
        headers: { ...corsHeaders, 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
        body: JSON.stringify({ error: 'API key not configured' })
      };
    }

    if (!WEBHOOK_KEY) {
      console.error('❌ DODO_PAYMENTS_WEBHOOK_KEY is not configured');
      return {
        statusCode: 500,
        headers: { ...corsHeaders, 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
        body: JSON.stringify({ error: 'Webhook verification key not configured' })
      };
    }

    // Verify webhook signature (required for security)
    const webhookHeaders = {
      'webhook-id': event.headers['webhook-id'] || '',
      'webhook-signature': event.headers['webhook-signature'] || '',
      'webhook-timestamp': event.headers['webhook-timestamp'] || '',
    };

    try {
      const dodoPaymentsClient = new DodoPayments({
        bearerToken: API_KEY,
        webhookKey: WEBHOOK_KEY,
      });
      const unwrappedWebhook = dodoPaymentsClient.webhooks.unwrap(rawBody, { headers: webhookHeaders });
      console.log('Unwrapped webhook:', unwrappedWebhook);
      console.log('✅ Webhook signature verified');
    } catch (error) {
      console.error('❌ Webhook verification failed:', error);
      return {
        statusCode: 401,
        headers: { ...corsHeaders, 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
        body: JSON.stringify({ error: 'Webhook verification failed' })
      };
    }

    // Initialize Neon client
    const sql = neon(DATABASE_URL);

    const payload: WebhookPayload = JSON.parse(rawBody);
    const eventType = payload.type;
    const eventData = payload.data;
    const webhookId = event.headers['webhook-id'] || '';

    console.log(`📋 Webhook payload:`, JSON.stringify(payload, null, 2));

    // Check for duplicate webhook-id (idempotency)
    if (webhookId) {
      const existingEvent = await sql`
        SELECT id FROM webhook_events WHERE webhook_id = ${webhookId}
      `;

      if (existingEvent.length > 0) {
        console.log(`⚠️ Webhook ${webhookId} already processed, skipping (idempotency)`);
        return {
          statusCode: 200,
          headers: { ...corsHeaders, 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
          body: JSON.stringify({ success: true, message: 'Webhook already processed' })
        };
      }
    }

    // Log webhook event with webhook_id for idempotency
    const logResult = await sql`
      INSERT INTO webhook_events (webhook_id, event_type, data, processed, created_at)
      VALUES (${webhookId || null}, ${eventType}, ${JSON.stringify(eventData)}, ${false}, ${new Date().toISOString()})
      RETURNING id
    `;

    const loggedEventId = logResult[0].id;
    console.log('📝 Webhook event logged with ID:', loggedEventId);

    console.log(`🔄 Processing: ${eventType} (${eventData.payload_type || 'unknown payload type'})`);

    try {
      switch (eventType) {
        case 'subscription.active':
          await handleSubscriptionEvent(sql, payload, 'active');
          break;
        case 'subscription.cancelled':
          await handleSubscriptionEvent(sql, payload, 'cancelled');
          break;
        case 'subscription.renewed':
          console.log('🔄 Subscription renewed - keeping active status and updating billing date');
          await handleSubscriptionEvent(sql, payload, 'active');
          break;
        default:
          console.log(`ℹ️ Event ${eventType} logged but not processed (no handler available)`);
      }

      await sql`
        UPDATE webhook_events 
        SET processed = ${true}, processed_at = ${new Date().toISOString()}
        WHERE id = ${loggedEventId}
      `;

      console.log('✅ Webhook marked as processed');
    } catch (processingError) {
      console.error('❌ Error processing webhook event:', processingError);

      await sql`
        UPDATE webhook_events 
        SET processed = ${false}, 
            error_message = ${processingError instanceof Error ? processingError.message : 'Unknown error'},
            processed_at = ${new Date().toISOString()}
        WHERE id = ${loggedEventId}
      `;

      throw processingError;
    }

    console.log('✅ Webhook processed successfully');

    return {
      statusCode: 200,
      headers: { ...corsHeaders, 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
      body: JSON.stringify({
        success: true,
        event_type: eventType,
        event_id: loggedEventId
      })
    };

  } catch (error) {
    console.error('❌ Webhook processing failed:', error);
    return {
      statusCode: 500,
      headers: { ...corsHeaders, 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
      body: JSON.stringify({
        error: 'Webhook processing failed',
        details: error instanceof Error ? error.message : 'Unknown error'
      })
    };
  }
};

Cara Kerjanya

Penangan webhook:
  1. Memverifikasi tanda tangan - Memastikan permintaan berasal dari DodoPayments menggunakan HMAC-SHA256
  2. Memeriksa duplikat - Menggunakan ID webhook untuk mencegah pemrosesan acara yang sama dua kali
  3. Mencatat acara - Menyimpan webhook mentah di tabel webhook_events untuk jejak audit
  4. Memproses acara - Membuat atau memperbarui pelanggan dan langganan di Neon
  5. Menangani kesalahan - Mencatat kegagalan dan menandai acara sebagai tidak diproses untuk dicoba kembali

Pengujian

Pengembangan lokal:
npm run dev  # Available at http://localhost:8888/.netlify/functions/webhook
Lihat log di Dasbor Netlify:
  1. Pilih situs Anda → tab Fungsi
  2. Klik pada fungsi webhook
  3. Lihat log waktu nyata dan riwayat pemanggilan
Konfigurasi di Dasbor DodoPayments:
  1. Pergi ke Pengembang → Webhooks
  2. Tambahkan endpoint dengan URL Fungsi Netlify Anda
  3. Aktifkan: subscription.active, subscription.cancelled, subscription.renewed

Masalah Umum

MasalahSolusi
Verifikasi gagalPeriksa kunci webhook benar dari dasbor DodoPayments
Kesalahan koneksi databaseVerifikasi string koneksi Neon dan gunakan koneksi terkelola
Fungsi tidak ditemukan (404)Jalankan netlify init dan npm run deploy lagi
Variabel lingkungan tidak tersediaAtur variabel di CLI atau dasbor, lalu terapkan kembali

Sumber Daya