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전체 소스 코드 및 설정 가이드

빠른 설정

1. 필수 조건

2. 종속성 설치

npm install -g netlify-cli
netlify login
git clone https://github.com/dodopayments/cloud-functions.git
cd cloud-functions/netlify
npm install

3. 데이터베이스 설정

  1. Neon 가입
  2. 새 프로젝트 생성
  3. SQL 편집기 열기
  4. schema.sql의 내용을 복사하여 붙여넣기
  5. 쿼리 실행
  6. Neon에서 연결 문자열을 가져오기 → 연결 세부정보

4. 초기 환경 변수 설정

netlify env:set DATABASE_URL "your-neon-connection-string"
netlify env:set DODO_PAYMENTS_API_KEY "your-api-key"
참고: 배포 후 웹훅 URL을 얻은 후 DODO_PAYMENTS_WEBHOOK_KEY을 설정합니다.

5. 초기화 및 배포

netlify init       # Link to your site (first time only)
npm run deploy

6. 웹훅 URL 가져오기

당신의 웹훅 URL은 다음과 같습니다:
https://[your-project].netlify.app/.netlify/functions/webhook

7. DodoPayments 대시보드에서 웹훅 등록

  1. DodoPayments 대시보드 → 개발자 → 웹훅으로 이동
  2. 새 웹훅 엔드포인트 생성
  3. 웹훅 URL을 엔드포인트로 설정
  4. 다음 구독 이벤트를 활성화:
    • subscription.active
    • subscription.cancelled
    • subscription.renewed
  5. 서명 비밀 복사

8. 웹훅 키 설정 및 재배포

netlify env:set DODO_PAYMENTS_WEBHOOK_KEY "your-webhook-signing-key"
npm run deploy

기능

구독 이벤트를 처리하고 PostgreSQL에 저장합니다:
  • subscription.active - 고객 및 구독 기록 생성/업데이트
  • subscription.cancelled - 구독을 취소로 표시
  • subscription.renewed - 다음 청구일 업데이트

주요 기능

서명 검증 - dodopayments 라이브러리 사용
멱등성 - 웹훅 ID로 중복 처리 방지
이벤트 로깅 - webhook_events 테이블에 완전한 감사 추적
오류 처리 - 기록되고 재시도 가능
참고: 이 구현은 최소한의 필드로 세 가지 핵심 구독 이벤트 (subscription.active, subscription.cancelled, subscription.renewed)을 처리하는 방법을 보여줍니다. 필요에 따라 추가 이벤트 유형 및 필드를 지원하도록 쉽게 확장할 수 있습니다.

구성 파일

{
  "name": "dodo-webhook-netlify",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "type": "module",
  "description": "DodoPayments Webhook Handler for Netlify",
  "scripts": {
    "dev": "netlify dev",
    "deploy": "netlify deploy --prod"
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "@neondatabase/serverless": "^1.0.2",
    "dodopayments": "^2.4.1"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@netlify/functions": "^5.0.0",
    "netlify-cli": "^23.9.1",
    "typescript": "^5.9.3"
  }
}

데이터베이스 스키마

-- DodoPayments Webhook Database Schema
-- Compatible with PostgreSQL (Supabase, Neon, etc.)

-- Enable UUID extension (if not already enabled)
CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS "uuid-ossp";

-- Customers table
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS customers (
  id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT uuid_generate_v4(),
  email TEXT NOT NULL,
  name TEXT NOT NULL,
  dodo_customer_id TEXT UNIQUE NOT NULL,
  created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NOW(),
  updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NOW()
);

-- Subscriptions table
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS subscriptions (
  id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT uuid_generate_v4(),
  customer_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES customers(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
  dodo_subscription_id TEXT UNIQUE NOT NULL,
  product_id TEXT NOT NULL,
  status TEXT NOT NULL CHECK (status IN ('pending', 'active', 'on_hold', 'cancelled', 'failed', 'expired')),
  billing_interval TEXT NOT NULL CHECK (billing_interval IN ('day', 'week', 'month', 'year')),
  amount INTEGER NOT NULL,
  currency TEXT NOT NULL,
  next_billing_date TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE NOT NULL,
  cancelled_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE,
  created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE NOT NULL,
  updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NOW()
);

-- Webhook events log
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS webhook_events (
  id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT uuid_generate_v4(),
  webhook_id TEXT UNIQUE,
  event_type TEXT NOT NULL,
  data JSONB NOT NULL,
  processed BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
  error_message TEXT,
  created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NOW(),
  processed_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE,
  attempts INTEGER DEFAULT 0
);

-- Indexes for better query performance
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_customers_email ON customers(email);
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_customers_dodo_id ON customers(dodo_customer_id);
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_subscriptions_dodo_id ON subscriptions(dodo_subscription_id);
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_subscriptions_customer_id ON subscriptions(customer_id);
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_subscriptions_status ON subscriptions(status);
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_webhook_events_processed ON webhook_events(processed, created_at);
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_webhook_events_type ON webhook_events(event_type);
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_webhook_events_created_at ON webhook_events(created_at DESC);
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_webhook_events_webhook_id ON webhook_events(webhook_id);

-- Function to automatically update updated_at timestamp
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION update_updated_at_column()
RETURNS TRIGGER AS $$
BEGIN
  NEW.updated_at = NOW();
  RETURN NEW;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;

-- Triggers to automatically update updated_at
CREATE TRIGGER update_customers_updated_at
  BEFORE UPDATE ON customers
  FOR EACH ROW
  EXECUTE FUNCTION update_updated_at_column();

CREATE TRIGGER update_subscriptions_updated_at
  BEFORE UPDATE ON subscriptions
  FOR EACH ROW
  EXECUTE FUNCTION update_updated_at_column();

-- Comments for documentation
COMMENT ON TABLE customers IS 'Stores customer information from DodoPayments';
COMMENT ON TABLE subscriptions IS 'Stores subscription data from DodoPayments';
COMMENT ON TABLE webhook_events IS 'Logs all incoming webhook events for audit and retry purposes';

COMMENT ON COLUMN customers.dodo_customer_id IS 'Unique customer ID from DodoPayments';
COMMENT ON COLUMN subscriptions.dodo_subscription_id IS 'Unique subscription ID from DodoPayments';
COMMENT ON COLUMN subscriptions.amount IS 'Amount in smallest currency unit (e.g., cents)';
COMMENT ON COLUMN subscriptions.currency IS 'Currency used for the subscription payments (e.g., USD, EUR, INR)';
COMMENT ON COLUMN webhook_events.attempts IS 'Number of processing attempts for failed webhooks';
COMMENT ON COLUMN webhook_events.data IS 'Full webhook payload as JSON';
생성된 테이블:
  • customers - 이메일, 이름, dodo_customer_id
  • subscriptions - 상태, 금액, next_billing_date, 고객에 연결됨
  • webhook_events - 멱등성을 위한 webhook_id가 있는 이벤트 로그

구현 코드

import { Handler, HandlerEvent, HandlerContext } from '@netlify/functions';
import { neon, NeonQueryFunction } from '@neondatabase/serverless';
import { DodoPayments } from 'dodopayments';

interface WebhookPayload {
  business_id: string;
  type: string;
  timestamp: string;
  data: {
    payload_type: "Payment" | "Subscription" | "Refund" | "Dispute" | "LicenseKey";
    subscription_id: string;
    customer: {
      customer_id: string;
      email: string;
      name: string;
    };
    product_id: string;
    status: string;
    recurring_pre_tax_amount: number;
    payment_frequency_interval: string;
    created_at: string;
    next_billing_date: string;
    cancelled_at?: string | null;
    currency: string;
  };
}

const corsHeaders = {
  'Access-Control-Allow-Origin': '*',
  'Access-Control-Allow-Headers': 'authorization, x-client-info, apikey, content-type, webhook-id, webhook-signature, webhook-timestamp',
  'Access-Control-Allow-Methods': 'POST, OPTIONS',
};

async function handleSubscriptionEvent(sql: NeonQueryFunction<false, false>, payload: WebhookPayload, status: string) {
  if (!payload.data.customer.customer_id || !payload.data.subscription_id) {
    throw new Error('Missing required fields: customer_id or subscription_id');
  }

  console.log('🔄 Processing subscription event:', JSON.stringify(payload, null, 2));

  const customer = payload.data.customer;

  // Upsert customer (create if doesn't exist, otherwise use existing)
  const customerResult = await sql`
    INSERT INTO customers (email, name, dodo_customer_id, created_at)
    VALUES (${customer.email}, ${customer.name}, ${customer.customer_id}, ${new Date().toISOString()})
    ON CONFLICT (dodo_customer_id) 
    DO UPDATE SET 
      email = EXCLUDED.email,
      name = EXCLUDED.name,
      updated_at = ${new Date().toISOString()}
    RETURNING id
  `;

  const customerId = customerResult[0].id;
  console.log(`✅ Customer upserted with ID: ${customerId}`);

  // Upsert subscription
  await sql`
    INSERT INTO subscriptions (
      customer_id, dodo_subscription_id, product_id, status, 
      billing_interval, amount, currency, created_at, next_billing_date, cancelled_at, updated_at
    )
    VALUES (
      ${customerId}, ${payload.data.subscription_id},
      ${payload.data.product_id}, ${status},
      ${payload.data.payment_frequency_interval.toLowerCase()}, ${payload.data.recurring_pre_tax_amount},
      ${payload.data.currency}, ${payload.data.created_at}, ${payload.data.next_billing_date},
      ${payload.data.cancelled_at ?? null}, ${new Date().toISOString()}
    )
    ON CONFLICT (dodo_subscription_id) 
    DO UPDATE SET 
      customer_id = EXCLUDED.customer_id,
      product_id = EXCLUDED.product_id,
      status = EXCLUDED.status,
      billing_interval = EXCLUDED.billing_interval,
      amount = EXCLUDED.amount,
      currency = EXCLUDED.currency,
      created_at = EXCLUDED.created_at,
      next_billing_date = EXCLUDED.next_billing_date,
      cancelled_at = EXCLUDED.cancelled_at,
      updated_at = EXCLUDED.updated_at
  `;

  console.log(`✅ Subscription upserted with ${status} status`)
}

export const handler: Handler = async (event: HandlerEvent, context: HandlerContext) => {
  // Handle CORS preflight
  if (event.httpMethod === 'OPTIONS') {
    return {
      statusCode: 200,
      headers: corsHeaders,
      body: 'ok'
    };
  }

  if (event.httpMethod !== 'POST') {
    return {
      statusCode: 405,
      headers: { ...corsHeaders, 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
      body: JSON.stringify({ error: 'Method not allowed' })
    };
  }

  try {
    const rawBody = event.body || '';
    console.log('📨 Webhook received');

    const DATABASE_URL = process.env.DATABASE_URL;
    const API_KEY = process.env.DODO_PAYMENTS_API_KEY;
    const WEBHOOK_KEY = process.env.DODO_PAYMENTS_WEBHOOK_KEY;

    if (!DATABASE_URL) {
      console.error('❌ Missing DATABASE_URL environment variable');
      return {
        statusCode: 500,
        headers: { ...corsHeaders, 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
        body: JSON.stringify({ error: 'Server configuration error' })
      };
    }

    // Verify required environment variables
    if (!API_KEY) {
      console.error('❌ DODO_PAYMENTS_API_KEY is not configured');
      return {
        statusCode: 500,
        headers: { ...corsHeaders, 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
        body: JSON.stringify({ error: 'API key not configured' })
      };
    }

    if (!WEBHOOK_KEY) {
      console.error('❌ DODO_PAYMENTS_WEBHOOK_KEY is not configured');
      return {
        statusCode: 500,
        headers: { ...corsHeaders, 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
        body: JSON.stringify({ error: 'Webhook verification key not configured' })
      };
    }

    // Verify webhook signature (required for security)
    const webhookHeaders = {
      'webhook-id': event.headers['webhook-id'] || '',
      'webhook-signature': event.headers['webhook-signature'] || '',
      'webhook-timestamp': event.headers['webhook-timestamp'] || '',
    };

    try {
      const dodoPaymentsClient = new DodoPayments({
        bearerToken: API_KEY,
        webhookKey: WEBHOOK_KEY,
      });
      const unwrappedWebhook = dodoPaymentsClient.webhooks.unwrap(rawBody, { headers: webhookHeaders });
      console.log('Unwrapped webhook:', unwrappedWebhook);
      console.log('✅ Webhook signature verified');
    } catch (error) {
      console.error('❌ Webhook verification failed:', error);
      return {
        statusCode: 401,
        headers: { ...corsHeaders, 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
        body: JSON.stringify({ error: 'Webhook verification failed' })
      };
    }

    // Initialize Neon client
    const sql = neon(DATABASE_URL);

    const payload: WebhookPayload = JSON.parse(rawBody);
    const eventType = payload.type;
    const eventData = payload.data;
    const webhookId = event.headers['webhook-id'] || '';

    console.log(`📋 Webhook payload:`, JSON.stringify(payload, null, 2));

    // Check for duplicate webhook-id (idempotency)
    if (webhookId) {
      const existingEvent = await sql`
        SELECT id FROM webhook_events WHERE webhook_id = ${webhookId}
      `;

      if (existingEvent.length > 0) {
        console.log(`⚠️ Webhook ${webhookId} already processed, skipping (idempotency)`);
        return {
          statusCode: 200,
          headers: { ...corsHeaders, 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
          body: JSON.stringify({ success: true, message: 'Webhook already processed' })
        };
      }
    }

    // Log webhook event with webhook_id for idempotency
    const logResult = await sql`
      INSERT INTO webhook_events (webhook_id, event_type, data, processed, created_at)
      VALUES (${webhookId || null}, ${eventType}, ${JSON.stringify(eventData)}, ${false}, ${new Date().toISOString()})
      RETURNING id
    `;

    const loggedEventId = logResult[0].id;
    console.log('📝 Webhook event logged with ID:', loggedEventId);

    console.log(`🔄 Processing: ${eventType} (${eventData.payload_type || 'unknown payload type'})`);

    try {
      switch (eventType) {
        case 'subscription.active':
          await handleSubscriptionEvent(sql, payload, 'active');
          break;
        case 'subscription.cancelled':
          await handleSubscriptionEvent(sql, payload, 'cancelled');
          break;
        case 'subscription.renewed':
          console.log('🔄 Subscription renewed - keeping active status and updating billing date');
          await handleSubscriptionEvent(sql, payload, 'active');
          break;
        default:
          console.log(`ℹ️ Event ${eventType} logged but not processed (no handler available)`);
      }

      await sql`
        UPDATE webhook_events 
        SET processed = ${true}, processed_at = ${new Date().toISOString()}
        WHERE id = ${loggedEventId}
      `;

      console.log('✅ Webhook marked as processed');
    } catch (processingError) {
      console.error('❌ Error processing webhook event:', processingError);

      await sql`
        UPDATE webhook_events 
        SET processed = ${false}, 
            error_message = ${processingError instanceof Error ? processingError.message : 'Unknown error'},
            processed_at = ${new Date().toISOString()}
        WHERE id = ${loggedEventId}
      `;

      throw processingError;
    }

    console.log('✅ Webhook processed successfully');

    return {
      statusCode: 200,
      headers: { ...corsHeaders, 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
      body: JSON.stringify({
        success: true,
        event_type: eventType,
        event_id: loggedEventId
      })
    };

  } catch (error) {
    console.error('❌ Webhook processing failed:', error);
    return {
      statusCode: 500,
      headers: { ...corsHeaders, 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
      body: JSON.stringify({
        error: 'Webhook processing failed',
        details: error instanceof Error ? error.message : 'Unknown error'
      })
    };
  }
};

작동 방식

웹훅 핸들러:
  1. 서명 검증 - HMAC-SHA256을 사용하여 요청이 DodoPayments에서 온 것인지 확인
  2. 중복 확인 - 웹훅 ID를 사용하여 동일한 이벤트를 두 번 처리하지 않도록 방지
  3. 이벤트 기록 - 감사 추적을 위해 webhook_events 테이블에 원시 웹훅 저장
  4. 이벤트 처리 - Neon에서 고객 및 구독 생성 또는 업데이트
  5. 오류 처리 - 실패를 기록하고 이벤트를 재시도를 위해 처리되지 않은 것으로 표시

테스트

로컬 개발:
npm run dev  # Available at http://localhost:8888/.netlify/functions/webhook
Netlify 대시보드에서 로그 보기:
  1. 사이트 선택 → Functions
  2. webhook 함수 클릭
  3. 실시간 로그 및 호출 기록 보기
DodoPayments 대시보드에서 구성:
  1. 개발자 → 웹훅으로 이동
  2. Netlify Functions URL로 엔드포인트 추가
  3. 활성화: subscription.active, subscription.cancelled, subscription.renewed

일반적인 문제

문제해결책
검증 실패DodoPayments 대시보드에서 웹훅 키가 올바른지 확인
데이터베이스 연결 오류Neon 연결 문자열을 확인하고 풀링된 연결을 사용
함수 찾을 수 없음 (404)netlify initnpm run deploy을 다시 실행
환경 변수 사용 불가CLI 또는 대시보드에서 변수를 설정한 후 재배포

리소스